How many stages does a reverse osmosis system have?

How many stages does a reverse osmosis system have?

A reverse osmosis system is a comprehensive water treatment method that can be used at home or for large industrial applications. Because of the efficiency of reverse osmosis membranes, they provide more advanced treatment than simple home systems, such as refrigerator filters, under-sink carbon filters, or water pitcher filters. However, many other filters are at work in reverse osmosis systems. The configuration of these other filters is what makes each RO system unique, providing consumers with customization options. In this article, you can learn more about the different stages of a reverse osmosis system and how they work.

The stages of a reverse osmosis system determine the composition of the water being treated. They allow you to customize your system to produce the water quality you desire. For example, a 5-stage system will incorporate more carbon filters than a 3-stage system, effectively removing more chlorine, chloramines, odors and odors than a 3-stage system. If you want to add beneficial minerals back to your water, you will need a system that incorporates a fourth or fifth stage remineralization cartridge. The number of stages in a system determines factors, such as the size of the system, maintenance costs, and overall system price.

How many stages should my RO system have?

When deciding which RO system to purchase, consider the following questions:

How many stages does the RO system consist of? In general, the more stages an RO system has, the higher the output water quality will be. However, compared to many conventional home water purifiers, 3-stage and 5-stage RO systems both produce high quality water.

Will the system fit my sink? The number of stages the RO system contains will affect the size of the system. Make sure you have space for a larger system if that is the type of system you choose.

Does the system contain any additional features I want? These features may look like remineralization cartridges, osmosis pumps, or an easy method of cartridge replacement.

How much does it cost to replace ink cartridges? The more stages you have in your RO system, the more cartridges you will need to purchase. If you choose a system with proprietary cartridges, they will also be more expensive than replacing standard cartridges.

Reverse osmosis configuration

A typical 3-stage RO system contains a sediment pre-filter, carbon pre-filter, and reverse osmosis membrane. The first stage, the sediment filter, removes dirt and debris before the water reaches the filter and carbon membrane. Carbon filters effectively remove the majority of chlorine, chloramines, odors, and odors, but there will always be some residual contaminants. If you want your system to contain two carbon filters, you will need a 4-stage system that includes a pre-filter or a secondary carbon post-filter. Instead of a second carbon filter, some 4-stage systems have a post-remineralization filter. This adds beneficial minerals back into the water after they have been removed by the RO membrane. The 5-stage reverse osmosis system can accommodate an additional carbon pre-filter or remineralization cartridge.

Configuration of 3-stage reverse osmosis system

A 3-stage RO system can contain a sediment pre-filter, carbon pre-filter, and RO membrane. A common configuration includes a dual carbon sediment pre-filter, an RO membrane, and a carbon post-filter. This configuration allows for multi-level carbon filtration while removing sediment in just 3 stages.

1. Carbon/sediment pre-filter: Activated carbon pre-filter reduces elements that give water an unpleasant taste, like chlorine. The carbon pre-filter removes chlorine to protect the RO membrane. Dual carbon sediment prefilters provide the benefit of carbon filtration while also removing sediment, dirt and other debris.
2. RO membrane:  RO membrane filters dissolved solids, including radium, lead, arsenic, and many others. This membrane is the heart of the RO system because it removes contaminants that most other treatment methods cannot. The flow rate of the membrane determines how much water the RO system can produce in a day.
3. Polished carbon post-filter: Stage 3 is a second activated carbon filter that polishes the water to ensure crystal clear water.

Configuration of 4-stage reverse osmosis system

A typical 4-stage RO system includes a sediment pre-filter, a carbon pre-filter, an RO membrane, and a polished carbon post-filter.

1. Sediment pre-filter: Sediment pre-filter screens dirt, sand, rust and other microscopic particles that are 15 times smaller than sand grains.
2. Carbon pre-filter: Activated carbon pre-filter reduces elements that give water an unpleasant taste, including chlorine.
3. RO membrane: RO membrane filters dissolved substances, including radium, lead, arsenic and many others.
4. Polishing carbon filter: The polishing filter is a second activated carbon filter that polishes the water to ensure crystal clear water.

Some 4-stage RO systems, such as the Neo-Pure PRO-4 Series, use a remineralization cartridge to add beneficial minerals to the water. These configurations look like this:

1. Dual carbon sediment prefilter: Sediment and carbon filters provide benefits for each filter type.
2. RO Membrane: RO membrane removes all the difficult-to-remove contaminants that carbon and sediment cannot remove.
3. Polished carbon filter: Polished carbon filter removes any residual tastes and odors that the pre-filter may have missed.
4. Remineralization box: The remineralization box adds beneficial minerals that were removed by the RO membrane. Because RO membranes are so effective at removing contaminants, the water may taste bland. The remineralization box ensures the water tastes crispy and refreshing.

Configuration of 5-stage reverse osmosis system

A 5-stage system typically contains cartridges underneath. However, like some 4-stage systems, certain 5-stage RO systems may also contain a remineralization cartridge in the final stage.

1. Sediment pre-filter: Sediment pre-filter screens dirt, sand, rust and other microscopic particles that are 15 times smaller than sand grains.
2. Carbon pre-filter: Activated carbon pre-filter reduces elements that give water an unpleasant taste, including chlorine.
3. 2nd Carbon Pre-Filter: Another activated carbon pre-filter reduces factors that cause water to taste bad, including the taste and odor of chlorine.
4. RO Membrane: Reverse osmosis membrane filters dissolved solids, including radium, lead, arsenic and many others.
5. Polishing Filter: The polishing filter is a second activated carbon filter that polishes the water to ensure crystal clear water.

How often to replace reverse osmosis filters

Below are general recommendations for changing RO system cartridges. If the system you purchase specifies different time periods, follow the system’s instructions.

• Sediment filtration – once a year
  Carbon filter – once a year
  RO membrane – every 2 to 3 years
  Remineralization box – twice per year

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